A Dimension Estimation Method for Rigid and Flexible Planar Antennas Based on Characteristic Mode Analysis

An empirical method for simplified dimension estimation of patch antennas is proposed in this work based on characteristic mode analysis (CMA). This involves generating formulae to calculate substrate-independent antenna widths produced from the antenna’s angle. enables definition a relationship between angle and natural resonant frequency an structure, bridging changes frequencies contributed by possible variation substrate properties. From here, end ‘calibrated’ results can be used generate specific each determine width at different operating frequencies, making it time- resource-efficient. was validated using conventional slotted designed substrates, both rigid (RO4003C, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880) (felt, denim fabric). Measurement obtained were satisfactory agreement with simulated results, even without considering substrates excitations. Finally, also applied designing dual-band flexible materials wearable applications, indicating good experimental results.